The result showed that oil spill incidents displayed a clustered pattern with a NNA value of 0.35 at 99% confidence level. Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA), vector flow mapping and proximity-based buffer analysis were the GIS functionalities used in data analyses and presentation. The oil spill location and incidents data was retrieved from National Oil Spill Detection & Response Agency archive a 30 X 30 meters' resolution DEM was sourced from the United States Geological Surveys (USGS) while map showing oil installations in Gokona was extracted from the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) report. Datasets used include oil spill location and incidents, digital elevation model (DEM) and map showing oil installations. This study focused on application of geographic information systems (GIS) in oil spill incidents and hazard mapping for sustainable remediation in Gokana Local Government Area (LGA), Rivers State, Nigeria. Spatial analysis of oil spill incident is essential in oil spill contingency management. Potential area for community forest development was 31,281.54 ha (43.74%) including in Pacitan (9 districts) of 29,111.98 hectares, Ponorogo (5 districts) of 263.29 hectares, and Wonogiri (2 districts) of 1,906.27 hectares.

Based on the assessment of field surveys which were conducted proportionally at 89 samples, known good accuracy results by 0.84.

The land available for prioritized community forest development was 37,774.40 hectares (52.82%) in the form of dry-fields, shrubs, grasses, farms, which were located outside the protected areas and production forest. The potential of community forest was examined through an interpretation of Landsat 8 of 2016 Path/Row 119/668 for land availability and the transformation of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) as the density classifier. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of potential areas for community forest development in Grindulu Watershed. State forest area has limitations, so the development of community forests is needs for optimal forest area in a watershed is required. 41/1999 on Forestry, mandates adequacy forest area defined a minimum of 30% of the watershed area which fulfilled by public forest and private forest. The effect of deforestation on environmental degradation shifted the orientation of forest management into carrying capacity of the watershed.

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